Journal Articles

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Detection of Environmentally Harmful Malathion Pesticides Using a Bimetallic Oxide of CuO Nanoparticles Dispersed over a 3D ZnO Nanoflower
(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2023-11-07) Gurusamy, Lakshmanan; Cheng, Ru-Wen; Anandan, Sambandam; Liu, Cheng-Hua; Wu, Jerry J.
Super-sensitive malathion detection was achieved using a nonenzymatic electrochemical sensor based on a CuO/ZnO-modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE). Due to the high affinity between the Cu element and the sulfur groups in malathion, the developed CuO-ZnO/GCE sensor may bond malathion with ease, inhibiting the redox signal of the Cu element when malathion is present. In addition to significantly increasing the ability of electron transfer, the addition of 3D-flower-like ZnO enhances active sites of the sensor interface for the high affinity of malathion, giving the CuO-ZnO/GCE composite an exceptional level of sensitivity and selectivity. This enzyme-free CuO-ZnO/GCE malathion sensor demonstrates outstanding stability and excellent detection performance under optimal operating conditions with a wide linear range of malathion from 0 to 200 nM and a low detection limit of 1.367 nM. A promising alternative technique for organophosphorus pesticide (OP) determination is offered by the analytical performance of the proposed sensor, and this method can be quickly and sensitively applied to samples that have been contaminated with these pesticides. © 2023 by the authors.
High response CO sensor based on a polyaniline/SnO2 nanocomposite
(MDPI AG, 2019-01-21) Jian, Kai-Syuan; Chang, Chi-Jung; Chang, Yu-Cheng; Tsay, Chien-Yie; Chen, Jing-Heng; Horng, Tzyy-Leng; Lee, Gang-Juan; Karuppasamy, Lakshmanan; Anandan, Sambandam; Chen, Chin-Yi
A polyaniline (PANI)/tin oxide (SnO2) composite for a CO sensor was fabricated using a composite film composed of SnO2 nanoparticles and PANI deposition in the present study. Tin oxide nanoparticles were synthesized by the sol-gel method. The SnO2 nanoparticles provided a high surface area to significantly enhance the response to the change in CO concentration at low operating temperature (< 75 °C). The excellent sensor response was mainly attributed to the relatively good properties of PANI in the redox reaction during sensing, which produced a great resistance difference between the air and CO gas at low operating temperature. Therefore, the combination of n-type SnO2 nanoparticles with a high surface area and a thick film of conductive PANI is an effective strategy to design a high-performance CO gas sensor. © 2018 by the authors.
Influence of acoustic cavitation on physico-chemical, organoleptic indicators and microstructure of Adyghe cheese produced from cow and goat milk
(Elsevier B.V., 2023-06-17) Nina, Dunchenko; Olga, Krasulya; Elena, Voloshina; Svetlana, Kuptsova; Kermen, Mikhailova; Arina, Odintsova; Anandan, Sambandam
In this article, we studied the effect of acoustic cavitation on the physicochemical and organoleptic parameters, the microstructure of Adyghe cheese made from cow's and goat's milk, and their mixture. The experimental conditions, optimal modes of ultrasonic cavitation treatment of cow and goat milk, and their mixtures are determined. It was found that high-frequency acoustic cavitation improves the physico-chemical and organoleptic indicators of cheese. The 45 kHz mode, with 17 min a processing time, is optimal, improving the microstructure of cheese, organoleptic, physico-chemical indicators. © 2023 The Author(s)
Ni-MOF nanoflowers as photocatalyst for carbon-dioxide conversion to solar fuels
(Elsevier B.V., 2025-08-22) Sundarraj, Nandha Kumar; Sundar, Dhivya; Souwaileh, Abdullah Al; Wu, Jerry J.; Mangalaraja, Ramalinga Viswanathan; Sorrentino, Andrea; Anandan, Sambandam
The conversion of carbon dioxide (CO2) into valuable hydrocarbons, such as alkanes, alkenes, and polycarbonates, offers a promising strategy for reducing greenhouse gas emissions while generating sustainable fuels. This study investigates Nickel-based Metal-Organic Frameworks (Ni-MOFs) as efficient photocatalysts for CO2 reduction and converting alcohols, particularly propanol, into alkanes such as propane. Synthesized Ni-MOFs using 2-methyl imidazole as the organic linker exhibit high surface area and tunable pore sizes, enhancing their catalytic performance. Under visible-light irradiation, these photocatalysts demonstrate remarkable activity in converting CO2 into hydrocarbons with high selectivity and yield. The improved performance is attributed to strong electronic interactions between nickel ions and organic linkers, facilitating efficient charge separation and transfer. This work underscores Ni-MOFs' potential in sustainable CO2 valorization, offering an innovative approach to renewable hydrocarbon production. © 2025 The Authors
Performance Analysis of PLA Material Based Micro-Turbines for Low Wind Speed Applications
(MDPI, 2022-10-05) Aljafari, Belqasem; Samithas, Devakirubakaran; Balachandran, Praveen Kumar; Anandan, Sambandam; Anandan, S; Babu, Thanikanti Sudhakar
Various studies have been conducted in recent years to find solutions to the issues in wind energy conversion systems. A 100W horizontal axis micro wind turbine is built for low wind speed applications in this work. The Blade Element Momentum theory approach was used to design the 100W micro wind turbine blade. The wind turbine blade 3D model was created using the CREO CAD 3.0 software. Based on the aerodynamic studies, the airfoil S9000 is chosen among others for generating high power at low wind speed. The density, Young’s modulus, and the Poisson ratio of the proposed wind turbine blade model with acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and polylactic acid (PLA) materials were compared. ABS and PLA materials were investigated using a 0.33 mm layer of infill ranging from 10% to 100%. PLA and ABS output values were compared in terms of deformation, equivalent stress, and equivalent strain. PLA materials, on the other hand, have less deformation and greater structural properties than ABS materials. The wind blade structural analysis was performed in ANSYS 15 software, and the details of experimental and simulated results are presented in this paper. © 2022 by the authors.
Preparation of MgTi2O5 nanoparticles for sonophotocatalytic degradation of triphenylmethane dyes
(Elsevier B.V., 2021-05-07) Selvamani, Thangavel; Anandan, Sambandam; Asiri, Abdullah M.; Maruthamuthu, Pichai; Ashokkumar, Muthupandian
MgTi2O5 (magnesium dititanate) nanoparticles were prepared by a simple hydrothermal assisted post-annealing method and characterized with various analytical techniques. The catalytic properties (sonocatalytic, photocatalytic and sonophotocatalytic activity) were evaluated using the degradation of triphenylmethane dyes (crystal violet, basic fuchsin, and acid fuchsin). The sonophotocatalytic activity of MgTi2O5 nanoparticles towards crystal violet was found to be ~2.9 times higher than the photocatalytic activity and ~20 times higher than that of the sonocatalytic processes. In addition, the sonophotocatalytic efficiency of MgTi2O5 nanoparticles was found to be remarkable for the degradation of basic fuchsin (cationic dye) and acid fuchsin (anionic dye). The mechanism of these catalytic activities has been discussed in detail. © 2021 The Author(s)
Sonoelectrochemical Nanoarchitectonics of Crystalline Mesoporous Magnetite @ Manganese Oxide Nanocomposite as an Alternate Anode Material for Energy-Storage Applications
(MDPI, 2023-03-23) Kalidass, Jayaraman; Anandan, Sambandam; Sivasankar, Thirugnanasambandam
In this report, the synergetic sonoelectrochemical method was utilized to produce magnetite nanoparticles was doped with MnO2 with the assistance of ultrasound to form nanoarchitectonic magnetic crystals with a mesoporous magnetite @ manganese dioxide (m-Fe3O4@MnO2) hybrid nanostructure. The hybrid nanocomposite was rapidly produced based on the nucleation and growth of pure iron-oxide nanocrystals in the electrochemical system. The nanocomposite was pure, highly amorphous, and mesoporous in nature; the magnetite was spherical in shape, with an average diameter of 45 ± 10 nm and a MnO2-plane length of 420 ± 30 nm. The stability of the pure m-Fe3O4 was enhanced from 89.61 to 94.04% with negligible weight loss after adding manganese dioxide and the stable formation of the hybrid nanostructure. Based on the superior results of the material, it was utilized as an anode material in Li-ion batteries. The m-Fe3O4@MnO2 hybrid nanostructure had a highly active surface area, which enhanced the interfacial interaction between the Li-ion and the metal surface; it delivered 1513 mAh g−1 and 1290 mAh g−1 as the first specific discharge and charge capacity, respectively, with 85% coulombic efficiency, and it showed an excellent cyclic reversibility of 660 mAh g−1 with a coulombic efficiency of almost 99% at current density of 1.0 A g−1. © 2023 by the authors.
Synthesis of Ce0.1La0.9MnO3 Perovskite for Degradation of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals under Visible Photons
(MDPI, 2022-10-17) Maridevaru, Madappa C.; Naceruddin, Afreen Hooriya; Aljafari, Belqasem; Anandan, Sambandam
The UN Environmental Protection Agency has recognized 4-n-Nonylphenol (NP) and bisphenol A (BPA) as among the most hazardous chemicals, and it is essential to minimize their concentrations in the wastewater stream. These industrial chemicals have been witnessed to cause endocrine disruption. This report describes the straightforward hydrothermal approach adopted to produce Ce0.1La0.9MnO3 (CLMO) perovskite’s structure. Several physiochemical characterization approaches were performed to understand the Ce0.1La0.9MnO3 (CLMO) perovskite crystalline phase, element composition, optical properties, microscopic topography, and molecular oxidation state. Here, applying visible photon irradiation, the photocatalytic capability of these CLMO nanostructures was evaluated for the elimination of NP and BPA contaminants. To optimize the reaction kinetics, the photodegradation of NP and BPA pollutants on CLMO, perovskite was studied as a specification of pH, catalyst dosage, and initial pollutant concentration. Correspondingly, 92% and 94% of NP and BPA pollutants are degraded over CLMO surfaces within 120 and 240 min, respectively. Since NP and BPA pollutants have apparent rate constants of 0.0226 min−1 and 0.0278 min−1, respectively, they can be satisfactorily fitted by pseudo-first-order kinetics. The decomposition of NP and BPA contaminants is further evidenced by performing FT-IR analysis. Owing to its outstanding photocatalytic execution and simplistic separation, these outcomes suggest that CLMO is an intriguing catalyst for the efficacious removal of NP and BPA toxicants from the aqueous phase. This is pertinent for the treatment of endocrine-disrupting substances in bioremediation. © 2022 by the authors.
The design of ZnO nanorod arrays coated with MnOx for high electrochemical stability of a pseudocapacitor electrod
(MDPI AG, 2023-03-06) Chen, Hsiang-Chun; Lyu, Yang-Ru; Fang, Alex; Lee, Gang-Juan; Karuppasamy, Lakshmanan; Wu, Jerry J; Lin, Chung-Kwei; Anandan, Sambandam; Chen, Chin-Yi
Tremendous efforts have been made on the development of unique electrochemical capacitors or pseudocapacitors due to the overgrowing electrical energy demand. Here, the authors report a new and simple strategy for fabricating hybrid MnOx-coated ZnO nanorod arrays. First, the vertically aligned ZnO nanorods were prepared by chemical bath deposition (CBD) as a template providing a large surface area for active material deposition. The manganese oxide was subsequently coated onto the surface of the ZnO nanorods to form a hybrid MnOx-coated ZnO nanostructure by anodic deposition in a manganese acetate (MnA)-containing aqueous solution. The hybrid structure of MnOx-coated ZnO nanorod arrays exhibits a large surface area and high conductivity, essential for enhancing the faradaic processes across the interface and improving redox reactions at active MnOx sites. A certain concentration of the deposition solution was selected for the MnOx coating, which was studied as a function of deposition time. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) curves showed that the specific capacitance (SC) of the MnOx-coated ZnO nanostructure was 222 F/g for the deposition times at 10 s when the concentration of MnA solution was 0.25 M. The unique hybrid nanostructures also exhibit excellent cycling stability with >97.5% capacitance retention after 1200 CV cycles. The proposed simple and cost-effective method of fabricating hybrid nanostructures may pave the way for mass production of future intelligent and efficient electrochemical energy storage devices. © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
Ultrasound-aided synthesis of gold-loaded boron-doped graphene quantum dots interface towards simultaneous electrochemical determination of guanine and adenine biomolecules
(Elsevier B.V, 2022-01-19) Kaimal, Reshma; Mansukhlal, Patel Nishant; Aljafari, Belqasem; Anandan, Sambandam; Ashokkumar, Muthupandian
To acquire substantial electrochemical signals of guanine-GUA and adenine-ADE present in deoxyribonucleic acid-DNA, it is critical to investigate innovative electrode materials and their interfaces. In this study, gold-loaded boron-doped graphene quantum dots (Au@B-GQDs) interface was prepared via ultrasound-aided reduction method for monitoring GUA and ADE electrochemically. Transmission electron microscopy-TEM, Ultraviolet–Visible spectroscopy-UV–Vis, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy-XPS, cyclic voltammetry-CV, and differential pulse voltammetry-DPV were used to examine the microstructure of the fabricated interface and demonstrate its electrochemical characteristics. The sensor was constructed by depositing the as-prepared Au@B-GQDs as a thin layer on a glassy carbon-GC electrode by the drop-casting method and carried out the electrochemical studies. The resulting sensor exhibited a good response with a wide linear range (GUA = 0.5–20 μM, ADE = 0.1–20 μM), a low detection limit-LOD (GUA = 1.71 μM, ADE = 1.84 μM), excellent sensitivity (GUA = 0.0820 µAµM−1, ADE = 0.1561 µAµM−1) and selectivity with common interferents results from biological matrixes. Furthermore, it seems to have prominent selectivity, reproducibility, repeatability, and long-lasting stability. The results demonstrate that the fabricated Au@B-GQDs/GC electrode is a simple and effective sensing platform for detecting GUA and ADE in neutral media at low potential as it exhibited prominent synergistic impact and outstanding electrocatalytic activity corresponding to individual AuNPs and B-GQDs modified electrodes. © 2022 The Author(s)

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