Browsing by Author "Singh, Leelambar"

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    GIS-based multi-criteria analysis for identification of potential groundwater recharge zones - a case study from Ponnaniyaru watershed, Tamil Nadu, India
    (KeAi Communications Co., 2020-02-21) Abijith, Devanantham; Saravanan, Subbarayan; Singh, Leelambar; Jennifer, Jesudasan Jacinth; Saranya, Parthasarathy K.S.S.
    Groundwater is one of the most vital natural resources; spatially varying in quality and quantity. Increased urbanisation and population creates tremendous pressure on the quality and quantity of the groundwater resources. In this study, Ponnaniyaru watershed of Cauvery basin was considered for this research. Geographical information system (GIS) and remote sensing (RS) plays a vital role in preparing various thematic layers for targeting the groundwater potential zones (GWPZ). This study adopts the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Multi influence factor (MIF), multi-criteria decision-making approaches to determine the weights for the influencing factors. Weighted linear overlay analysis was carried out to determine the GWPZ. Further, the resultant GWPZ map has been reclassified into five different classes, namely Very good, Good, Moderate, Poor and Very poor. The results were validated with observed well-yield data, and the predictive precision for AHP and MIF was found to be 75%, and 71% respectively. © 2020 The Authors
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    Soil and Water Assessment Tool-Based Prediction of Runoff Under Scenarios of Land Use/Land Cover and Climate Change Across Indian Agro-Climatic Zones: Implications for Sustainable Development Goals
    (Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2025-02-06) Subbarayan, Saravanan; Youssef, Youssef M.; Singh, Leelambar; Dąbrowska, Dominika; Alarifi, Nassir; Ramsankaran, RAAJ.; Visweshwaran, R; Saqr, Ahmed M.
    Assessing runoff under changing land use/land cover (LULC) and climatic conditions is crucial for achieving effective and sustainable water resource management on a global scale. In this study, the focus was on runoff predictions across three diverse Indian watersheds—Wunna, Bharathapuzha, and Mahanadi—spanning distinct agro-climatic zones to capture varying climatic and hydrological complexities. The soil and water assessment (SWAT) tool was used to simulate future runoff influenced by LULC and climate change and to explore the related sustainability implications, including related challenges and proposing countermeasures through a sustainable action plan (SAP). The methodology integrated high-resolution satellite imagery, the cellular automata (CA)–Markov model for projecting LULC changes, and downscaled climate data under representative concentration pathways (RCPs) 4.5 and 8.5, representing moderate and extreme climate scenarios, respectively. SWAT model calibration and validation demonstrated reliable predictive accuracy, with the coefficient of determination values (R2) > 0.50 confirming the reliability of the SWAT model in simulating hydrological processes. The results indicated significant increases in surface runoff due to urbanization, reaching >1000 mm, 600 mm, and 400 mm in southern Bharathapuzha, southeastern Wunna, and northwestern Mahanadi, respectively, especially by 2040 under RCP 8.5. These findings indicate that water quality, agricultural productivity, and urban infrastructure may be threatened. The proposed SAP includes nature-based solutions, like wetland restoration, and climate-resilient strategies to mitigate adverse effects and partially achieve sustainable development goals (SDGs) related to clean water and climate action. This research provides a robust framework for sustainable watershed management in similar regions worldwide. © 2025 by the authors.